The following example will demonstrate how a web page can fetch information from a database with AJAX:
The database table we use in the example above looks like this:
id | FirstName | LastName | Age | Hometown | Job |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Peter | Griffin | 41 | Quahog | Brewery |
2 | Lois | Griffin | 40 | Newport | Piano Teacher |
3 | Joseph | Swanson | 39 | Quahog | Police Officer |
4 | Glenn | Quagmire | 41 | Quahog | Pilot |
In the example above, when a user selects a person in the dropdown list above, a function called showUser()
is executed.
The function is triggered by the onchange
event.
Here is the HTML code:
<html> <head> <script> function showUser(str) { if (str == "") { document.getElementById("txtHint").innerHTML = ""; return; } else { var xmlhttp = new XMLHttpRequest(); xmlhttp.onreadystatechange = function() { if (this.readyState == 4 && this.status == 200) { document.getElementById("txtHint").innerHTML = this.responseText; } }; xmlhttp.open("GET","family.php?q="+str,true); xmlhttp.send(); } } </script> </head> <body> <form> <select name="users" onchange="showUser(this.value)"> <option value="">Select a person:</option> <option value="1">Peter Griffin</option> <option value="2">Lois Griffin</option> <option value="3">Joseph Swanson</option> <option value="4">Glenn Quagmire</option> </select> </form> <br> <div id="txtHint"><b>Person info will be listed here...</b></div> </body> </html>
Code explanation:
First, check if person is selected. If no person is selected (str == ""), clear the content of txtHint
and exit the function. If a person is selected, do the following:
XMLHttpRequest
objectq
is added to the URL (with the content of the dropdown list)The page on the server called by the JavaScript above is a PHP file called family.php
.
The source code in family.php
runs a query against a MySQL database, and returns the result in an HTML table:
$q = intval($_GET['q']);
$con = mysqli_connect('localhost','peter','abc123');
if (!$con) {
die('Could not connect: ' . mysqli_error($con));
}
mysqli_select_db($con,"ajax_demo");
$sql="SELECT * FROM user WHERE id = '".$q."'";
$result = mysqli_query($con,$sql);
echo "<table>
<tr>
<th>Firstname</th>
<th>Lastname</th>
<th>Age</th>
<th>Hometown</th>
<th>Job</th>
</tr>";
while($row = mysqli_fetch_array($result)) {
echo "<tr>";
echo "<td>" . $row['FirstName'] . "</td>";
echo "<td>" . $row['LastName'] . "</td>";
echo "<td>" . $row['Age'] . "</td>";
echo "<td>" . $row['Hometown'] . "</td>";
echo "<td>" . $row['Job'] . "</td>";
echo "</tr>";
}
echo "</table>";
mysqli_close($con);
Explanation: When the query is sent from the JavaScript to the PHP file, the following happens:
txtHint
placeholder